Active Directory Enumeration and Exploitation

Stella Sebastian
Posted by Stella Sebastian February 20, 2022

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Active Directory

linWinPwn

linWinPwn is a bash script that automates a number of Active Directory Enumeration and and Vulnerability checks

Description

linWinPwn is a bash script that automates a number of Active Directory Enumeration and Vulnerability checks. The script leverages and is dependent of a number of tools including: impacket, bloodhound, crackmapexec, ldapdomaindump, lsassy, smbmap, kerbrute, adidnsdump.

Setup

Git clone the repository and run the setup script

git clone https://github.com/lefayjey/linWinPwn
cd linWinPwn; chmod +x setup.sh; chmod +x linWinPwn.sh
sudo ./setup.sh

If you’re having DNS issues, run the update_dns script WARNING: The script will update /etc/resolv.conf, make sure to backup it before running the script

chmod +x update_dns.sh
sudo ./update_dns.sh <DC_IP>

Usage

Modules

The linWinPwn script contains 4 modules that can be used either separately or simultaneously.

Default (fastest): ad_enum,kerberos with OPSEC safe checks using -O

./linWinPwn.sh -O -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -t <Domain_Controller_IP> -o <output_dir>

User modules: ad_enum,kerberos,scan_shares,vuln_checks,mssql_enum

./linWinPwn.sh -M user -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -t <Domain_Controller_IP> -o <output_dir>

All modules: ad_enum,kerberos,scan_shares,vuln_checks,mssql_enum,pwd_dump

./linWinPwn.sh -M all -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -t <Domain_Controller_IP> -o <output_dir>

Module ad_enum: Active Directory Enumeration

./linWinPwn.sh -M ad_enum -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain> -o <output_dir>

Module kerberos: Kerberos Based Attacks

./linWinPwn.sh -M kerberos -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain> -o <output_dir>

Module scan_shares: Network Shares Scan

./linWinPwn.sh -M scan_shares -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]>  -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain> -o <output_dir>

Module vuln_checks: Vulnerability Checks

./linWinPwn.sh -M vuln_checks -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]>  -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain> -o <output_dir>

Module mssql_enum: MSSQL Enumeration

./linWinPwn.sh -M mssql_enum -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]>  -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain> -o <output_dir>

Module pwd_dump: Password Dump

./linWinPwn.sh -M pwd_dump -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]>  -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain> -S <domain_servers_list> -o <output_dir>

Demos

  • HackTheBox Forest
linpwn
  • TryHackme AttacktiveDirectory
linwinpwn

Use cases

For each of the cases described, the linWinPwn script performs different checks as shown below.

Case 1: Unauthenticated

  • Module ad_enum
    • rid bruteforce
    • user enumeration
    • ldapdomaindump anonymous enumeration
    • Check if ldap-signing is enforced, check for LDAP Relay
  • Module kerberos
    • kerbrute user spray
    • ASREPRoast using collected list of users (and cracking hashes using john-the-ripper and the rockyou wordlist)
  • Module scan_shares
    • SMB shares anonymous enumeration on identified servers
  • Module vuln_checks
    • Enumeration for WebDav and Spooler services on identified servers
    • Check for zerologon, petitpotam, nopac weaknesses
./linWinPwn.sh -M user -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain>

Case 2: Standard Account (using password, NTLM hash or Kerberos ticket)

  • DNS extraction using adidnsdump
  • Module ad_enum
    • BloodHound data collection
    • ldapdomaindump enumeration
    • Delegation information extraction
    • GPP Passwords extraction
    • Extract ADCS information using certipy
    • Check if ldap-signing is enforced, check for LDAP Relay
    • Extraction of MachineAccountQuota of user, Password Policy and users’ descriptions containing “pass”
    • LAPS and gMSA dump
  • Module kerberos
    • kerbrute user=pass enumeration
    • ASREPRoasting (and cracking hashes using john-the-ripper and the rockyou wordlist)
    • Kerberoasting (and cracking hashes using john-the-ripper and the rockyou wordlist)
  • Module scan_shares
    • SMB shares enumeration on all domain servers
  • Module vuln_checks
    • Enumeration for WebDav and Spooler services on all domain servers
    • Check for zerologon, petitpotam, nopac weaknesses
  • Module mssql_enum
./linWinPwn.sh -M user -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain>

Case 3: Administrator Account (using password, NTLM hash or Kerberos ticket)

  • All of the “Standard User” checks
  • Module pwd_dump
    • secretsdump on all domain servers or on provided list of servers with -S
    • lsassy on on all domain servers or on provided list of servers with -S
./linWinPwn.sh -M all -d <AD_domain> -u <AD_user> -p <AD_password_or_hash[LM:NT]_or_kerbticket[./krb5cc_ticket]> -t <Domain_Controller_IP_or_Target_Domain> -S <domain_servers_list>

To Do

Improve kerberos authentication support

Credits

Legal Disclamer

Usage of linWinPwn for attacking targets without prior mutual consent is illegal. It’s the end user’s responsibility to obey all applicable local, state and federal laws. Developers assume no liability and are not responsible for any misuse or damage caused by this program. Only use for educational purposes.

The linWinPwn is a github repository by lefayjey

Source from
Container Security Checklist
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